@article {11155,
	title = {Inactivation of a CRF-dependent amygdalofugal pathway reverses addiction-like behaviors in alcohol-dependent rats.},
	journal = {Nature Communications},
	volume = {2019},
	year = {2019},
	pages = {1238},
	abstract = {The activation of a neuronal ensemble in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) during alcohol withdrawal has been hypothesized to induce high levels of alcohol drinking in dependent\&nbsp;rats. In the present study we describe that the CeA neuronal ensemble that is activated by withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure contains ~80\% corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons and that the optogenetic\&nbsp;inactivation\&nbsp;of these CeA CRF+ neurons prevents recruitment of the neuronal ensemble, decreases the escalation of alcohol drinking, and decreases the intensity of somatic signs of withdrawal. Optogenetic dissection of the downstream neuronal pathways demonstrates that the reversal of\&nbsp;addiction-likebehaviors\&nbsp;is observed after the\&nbsp;inhibition of CeA CRF projections to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and that inhibition of the CRFCeA-BNST\&nbsp;pathway\&nbsp;is mediated by inhibition of the CRF-CRF1\&nbsp;system and inhibition of BNST cell firing. These results suggest that the CRFCeA-BNST\&nbsp;pathway\&nbsp;could be targeted for the treatment of excessive drinking in alcohol use disorder.},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6423296/},
	author = {de Guglielmo, G and Kallupi, M and Pomrenze, MB and Crawford, E and Simpson, S and Schweitzer, P and Koob, GF and Messing, RO and George, O.}
}
