Following up on this work, we used our pipeline to constrain cosmological enhancements of power that could explain the overabundance of ultramassive galaxies claimed to have been observed in JWST (see Labbe+23  and Boylan-Kolchin 23). We used the same HST data (taken over decades!) to show that extra structure formation in a way that would produce more dark-matter halos for JWST at z~5-10 would be in conflict with the HST galaxies. Here you can see quantitatively how. The 2D posteriors are the power-spectrum enhancement you'd need over LCDM to explain the JWST (blue and green, assuming either 10% or 30% of the gas converts to stars), whereas HST does not allow anything on top of the yellow region. In other words, HST does not let you break the universe as much as the claimed JWST galaxies need! The solution may be astrophysical instead, some of the galaxies may host AGNs which make them appear redder (see for example Endsley+23)

Paper is here, and it was summarized in the APS magazine Physics here (and other news outlets linked at the bottom).