About The Dudley Lab
Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is a retrovirus that induces mammary carcinomas and T-cell lymphomas in mice by insertional mutagenesis. The Dudley Lab recently discovered a novel viral protein, Rem, which is involved in the nuclear export and expression of intron-containing viral mRNAs. These results are exciting because MMTV serves as a mouse model for study of another retrovirus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes AIDS. The Lab's recent results suggest that Rem has a very unusual trafficking pattern within mammalian cells. Prior to nuclear entry, Rem appears to enter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where it is partially glycosylated, and cleaved by signal peptidase. Cleavage appears to yield an HIV Rev-like gene product, SP, as well as a unique product (Rem-CT) of unknown function. Mutations that prevent the correct processing and glycosylation of Rem interfere with SP activity in reporter assays. Rem trafficking through the ER is required for Rem processing and function in the nucleus after signal peptidase cleavage and retrotranslocation of the N-terminal SP out of the ER. Retrotranslocation is associated with endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). ERAD is a poorly understood cellular process that is responsible for disposal of misfolded proteins. Numerous human diseases, including cancer and neurogeneration, show defects in ERAD. Recent exciting data indicate that the Rem C-terminus has a separate function in intrinsic immunity.
Finally, the Dudley Lab is in the process of developing vectors for gene therapy of breast cancer. Their studies have allowed the extensive mapping of the MMTV genome, which has been evolutionarily selected for optimal expression in the mammary gland. Elimination of viral genes, introduction of reporter genes, and manipulation of tissue-specific promoter elements should enable us to develop and test new vectors for safety and efficacy in mice. The Dudey Lab's goal is to provide more specific and less toxic treatments for human breast cancer.
2023 Research
- Dudley JP. APOBECs: Our fickle friends? PLoS Pathog. 2023 May 18;19(5):e1011364. PMID: 37200235; PMCID: PMC10194902.
2022 Research
- P Das, WK Xu, AKS Gautam, MM Lozano, JP Dudley. A Retrotranslocation Assay That Predicts Defective VCP/p97-Mediated Trafficking of a Retroviral Signal Peptide. mBio. 2022;13(1):e0295321. January 4, 2022.
2021 Research
- P Das, JP Dudley. How Viruses Use the VCP/p97 ATPase Molecular Machine. Viruses. 2021 Sep 21;13(9):1881. September 21, 2021.
- WK Xu, Y Gou, MM Lozano, JP Dudley. Unconventional p97/VCP-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum-to-Endosome Trafficking of a Retroviral Protein. J Virol. 2021 Jun 24;95(14):e0053121. Epub. June 24 2021.
- P Das, WK Xu, AK Gautam, MM Lozano, JP Dudley. A Retrotranslocation Assay that Predicts Defective VCP/p97-Mediated Trafficking of a Retroviral Signal Peptide. bioRxiv. January 1, 2021.
2020 Research
- WK Xu, H Byun, JP Dudley. The Role of APOBECs in Viral Replication. Microorganisms. November 30, 2020